What to see in Prague

The Old Town Square is the heart of Prague, a magnificent historical space that has served as the city's main public square since the 12th century. Originally a bustling marketplace, it has evolved into a captivating open-air museum, showcasing a stunning array of architectural styles from Gothic to Baroque. This iconic square has witnessed countless pivotal moments in Czech history, from medieval markets and royal coronations to public executions and political protests. It was here, for instance, that 27 Bohemian Protestant leaders were executed in 1621 following the Battle of White Mountain, a key event leading to the Thirty Years' War. The square is also dominated by the towering Jan Hus Monument, commemorating the religious reformer who was burned at the stake in 1415.

Beyond its profound historical significance, the Old Town Square offers a vibrant atmosphere, making it one of the quintessential things to do in Prague. You can spend hours simply soaking in the ambiance, watching street performers, or admiring the intricate facades of the surrounding buildings. The square is home to the world-famous Prague Astronomical Clock (Orloj) on the Old Town Hall tower. Every hour, crowds gather to watch the mechanical show of the Twelve Apostles. This marvel of medieval engineering, dating back to 1410, is steeped in legend; it's said that master Hanuš, who perfected the clock, was blinded so he could not replicate his work elsewhere. Ascend the Old Town Hall Tower for breathtaking panoramic views of the square and the city's red rooftops. Flanking the square are two of Prague's most impressive churches: the imposing Gothic spires of the Church of Our Lady before Týn and the elegant Baroque facade of St. Nicholas Church. During the festive seasons, the square transforms into a magical wonderland, hosting some of Europe's most enchanting Christmas and Easter markets, filled with traditional crafts, food, and mulled wine.

As you explore the square, you'll find an abundance of charming cafes and restaurants where you can savor traditional Czech dishes or simply enjoy a coffee while people-watching. For those interested in high-end shopping, the luxurious Pařížská Street, lined with international designer boutiques, leads directly off the square, offering a different kind of exploration.

The Charles Bridge, or Karlův most as it's known locally, stands as a magnificent stone sentinel spanning the Vltava River in Prague, connecting the historic Old Town with the charming Lesser Town (Malá Strana). This iconic structure, a true marvel of medieval engineering, invites you to step back in time and soak in centuries of history. As you approach, you'll immediately notice its grand scale and the intricate details of its architecture, setting the stage for one of the most unforgettable experiences among what to see in Prague. It's not merely a crossing; it's a vibrant open-air gallery and a bustling promenade, offering panoramic vistas of the city's spires and the majestic Prague Castle perched on the hill.

Construction of the Charles Bridge began in 1357 under the patronage of King Charles IV, with the first stone reportedly laid by the king himself. The bridge was designed by the renowned architect Peter Parler, who also worked on St. Vitus Cathedral. It took nearly 45 years to complete, originally known as the Stone Bridge or Prague Bridge, and served as the only means of crossing the Vltava in Prague until 1841. This strategic link was vital for trade and military movements, and it was also part of the Royal Route used for coronations of Bohemian kings. Adorning both sides of the bridge are 30 impressive baroque statues, mostly erected between 1683 and 1714. While many are now replicas, the originals are preserved in the National Museum. The most famous among them is the statue of St. John of Nepomuk, a Bohemian martyr who was thrown from the bridge in 1393. Legend has it that touching the bronze plaque at the base of his statue, depicting his martyrdom, will ensure your return to Prague or grant a wish. Flanking the bridge are three formidable towers: the Old Town Bridge Tower on the eastern bank, considered one of the most beautiful Gothic gateways in Europe, offering breathtaking views from its gallery; and the two Lesser Town Bridge Towers on the western bank, each with its own distinct history and architectural style.

Strolling across the Charles Bridge is an essential Prague experience. You'll encounter a lively atmosphere filled with street artists sketching portraits, musicians playing enchanting melodies, and vendors selling souvenirs and unique crafts. The bridge truly comes alive, offering a dynamic backdrop for your exploration. To fully appreciate its magic and avoid the largest crowds, time your visit for early morning, just as the sun rises, or late in the evening when the city lights begin to twinkle. These quieter moments allow for more intimate contemplation of the statues and the stunning views of Prague Castle and the Vltava River. After your walk, consider exploring the charming streets of Malá Strana or heading towards the Old Town Square. For a delightful culinary experience with views of the bridge itself, you might consider a visit to Kampa Park Restaurant, located right on Kampa Island just off the Lesser Town side of the bridge, offering exquisite dining in a picturesque setting.

The St. Vitus Cathedral stands as the spiritual and architectural heart of Prague Castle, dominating the city's skyline with its soaring Gothic spires. This magnificent cathedral, officially the Metropolitan Cathedral of Saints Vitus, Wenceslas and Adalbert, is not merely a place of worship but a profound symbol of Czech history and national identity. Its construction spanned nearly 600 years, beginning in 1344 under the patronage of Emperor Charles IV, who envisioned a grand cathedral befitting his imperial capital. You'll witness the genius of master builders like Matthias of Arras and especially Peter Parler, whose innovative designs, including the unique net vaulting, pushed the boundaries of Gothic architecture. The cathedral has served as the coronation church for Bohemian kings and queens, and it houses the tombs of numerous saints, nobles, and monarchs, including St. Wenceslas himself, the patron saint of the Czech lands.

As you explore St. Vitus Cathedral, you'll discover why it's an absolute must-see among what to see in Prague. Step inside to marvel at the breathtaking St. Wenceslas Chapel, a true jewel box adorned with over 1,300 precious and semi-precious stones and vibrant frescoes depicting the life of the saint. This sacred space enshrines the tomb of St. Wenceslas, a pilgrimage site for centuries. Don't miss the stunning stained-glass windows, particularly the one by the Art Nouveau master Alfons Mucha, which bathes the interior in a kaleidoscope of colors. The Royal Mausoleum beneath the main altar is the final resting place for prominent figures like Charles IV, his four wives, and Rudolf II. For an unforgettable panoramic view of Prague, ascend the Great South Tower – the climb is rewarding, offering unparalleled vistas of the Vltava River, Charles Bridge, and the red-tiled roofs of the Old Town.

Beyond its architectural grandeur, the cathedral holds countless stories. Imagine the centuries of coronations, royal weddings, and state funerals that have taken place within these hallowed walls. The sheer scale and intricate details, from the gargoyles to the ornate chapels, speak volumes about the craftsmanship and devotion of generations. After immersing yourself in the cathedral's history, consider a visit to the nearby Lobkowicz Palace Café within the Prague Castle complex.

The Wallenstein Garden, nestled in the heart of Prague's charming Lesser Town (Malá Strana), offers a magnificent escape into Baroque splendor. This meticulously designed garden, part of the sprawling Wallenstein Palace complex, stands as one of the most significant early Baroque gardens in Bohemia. Commissioned by the ambitious and powerful Imperial Generalissimo, Albrecht von Wallenstein, in the early 17th century, it was conceived as a grand statement of his wealth and influence, intended to rival the imperial court itself. You'll find yourself stepping back in time as you wander through its perfectly manicured lawns, intricate pathways, and impressive architectural features. The garden was designed by Italian architects such as Andrea Spezza, Giovanni Pieroni, and Nicolo Sebregondi, who brought the sophisticated Italian Baroque style to Prague, creating a harmonious blend of nature and art.

As you explore, you'll discover a wealth of fascinating details. The dominant feature is the monumental Salla Terrena, a grand open-air hall adorned with mythological frescoes, providing a dramatic backdrop for the garden. Adjacent to it, the bizarre and captivating Grotto (or Dripstone Wall) mimics a natural cave, complete with artificial stalactites and hidden figures, designed to surprise and delight visitors. Keep an eye out for the free-roaming peacocks, adding a touch of vibrant life to the serene surroundings. The garden is also home to a collection of impressive bronze statues depicting mythological figures, originally crafted by the renowned Dutch sculptor Adriaen de Vries. While the originals are now housed in museums, the high-quality replicas perfectly capture their grandeur. Visiting the Wallenstein Garden is certainly one of the essential things to do in Prague, offering a tranquil contrast to the bustling city streets and a deep dive into the city's aristocratic past.

Beyond its historical and artistic merits, the Wallenstein Garden provides a peaceful oasis perfect for relaxation and contemplation. During the warmer months, from April to October, it truly comes alive with vibrant floral displays and the gentle sounds of its numerous fountains, including the impressive Fountain of Hercules. It's an ideal spot for a leisurely stroll, a quiet moment with a book, or capturing stunning photographs of the palace and garden architecture. After immersing yourself in this Baroque masterpiece, consider a short walk through the picturesque streets of Malá Strana. You might find yourself drawn to Lokal U Bílé kuželky, a popular traditional Czech pub and restaurant nearby, where you can savor authentic local cuisine and a refreshing Pilsner Urquell, completing your authentic Prague experience.

The National Theatre in Prague stands as a magnificent symbol of Czech cultural identity and artistic endeavor, majestically gracing the banks of the Vltava River. This architectural masterpiece, primarily in the Neo-Renaissance style, is not merely a venue for performances but a testament to the resilience and spirit of the Czech nation. Its prominent location, offering stunning views towards Prague Castle and the Charles Bridge, makes it an unmissable landmark for anyone exploring the city. From its inception, the theatre was envisioned as a beacon of Czech language, music, and drama, a place where the nation's artistic voice could truly flourish during a period of intense national awakening.

The story of the National Theatre is deeply intertwined with the Czech National Revival movement of the 19th century. It was built through a nationwide fundraising effort, with contributions coming from all segments of society, embodying the slogan "The Nation to Itself" (Národ sobě). Designed by architect Josef Zítek, the original building was completed in 1881. However, tragedy struck just two months after its grand opening when a devastating fire almost completely destroyed it. Undeterred, the Czech people rallied once more, and under the supervision of Josef Schulz, the theatre was rebuilt and reopened in a mere two years, in 1883, a remarkable feat that further solidified its legendary status. The interior is a lavish display of Czech artistry, featuring stunning works by leading artists of the time, including the allegorical lunettes by Mikoláš Aleš and the grand curtain by František Ženíšek, depicting the building of the theatre. When considering things to do in Prague, attending a performance here offers an unparalleled experience, allowing you to immerse yourself in the rich cultural heritage of the Czech Republic.

Visiting the National Theatre offers more than just a chance to witness world-class opera, ballet, or drama; it's an opportunity to step into a living piece of history. You can admire its opulent interiors, from the gilded auditoriums to the intricate ceiling frescoes, each detail telling a story of national pride and artistic excellence. The theatre's commitment to preserving and promoting Czech artistic traditions, alongside presenting international works, makes it a vibrant cultural hub. After enjoying a performance or simply admiring its exterior, you might consider a visit to the historic Café Slavia, located directly across the street.

The Prague Zoo is nestled in the picturesque Troja district, just a short journey from the city center, and has been a beloved institution since its opening in 1931. Spanning a vast 58 hectares, this world-renowned zoological garden is home to an incredible array of over 5,000 animals representing more than 500 species, many of which are endangered. From the moment you step inside, you'll discover meticulously designed naturalistic habitats that transport you across continents, offering an immersive experience far beyond a typical zoo visit. It's a place where you can truly connect with wildlife and appreciate the global efforts in animal conservation.

As one of Europe's premier zoological parks, Prague Zoo stands out among Prague attractions for its significant contributions to species preservation and its innovative exhibits. You can marvel at the majestic Przewalski's horses, a species famously saved from extinction largely thanks to the zoo's dedicated breeding program and reintroduction efforts into their native Mongolian steppes. Don't miss the breathtaking Indonesian Jungle, a sprawling pavilion that recreates a tropical rainforest environment complete with orangutans, gibbons, and the fascinating Komodo dragons – Prague Zoo was the first in Europe to successfully breed these magnificent reptiles. Wander through the African House to observe giraffes and zebras, or explore the Fata Morgana Greenhouse, a stunning botanical exhibit showcasing diverse ecosystems from arid deserts to lush rainforests. The zoo also offers a charming chairlift, providing panoramic views of the grounds and the surrounding Troja valley, making your exploration both easy and scenic.

Plan to spend a full day here to fully appreciate all that Prague Zoo has to offer. Beyond the animal exhibits, you'll find educational programs, playgrounds for children, and various dining options where you can savor a meal or a coffee with lovely views. Consider timing your visit to coincide with feeding times or special presentations for an even more engaging experience. For a delightful extension to your day, the magnificent Troja Chateau and the Botanical Garden Prague are conveniently located right next door, offering further opportunities for cultural enrichment and natural beauty.

The St. Nicholas Church in Prague's historic Lesser Town (Malá Strana) stands as a magnificent testament to High Baroque architecture, a true jewel in the city's crown. Its imposing green dome and intricate facade dominate the Malá Strana Square, inviting you to step inside and discover a world of artistic grandeur. Construction of this monumental church spanned over half a century, from 1704 to 1755, with the design and execution largely attributed to the eminent Dientzenhofer family, specifically Christoph Dientzenhofer and his son Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer, who were pivotal figures in Central European Baroque. Later, Anselmo Lurago completed the bell tower, adding to its iconic silhouette. This architectural masterpiece replaced an earlier Gothic church, reflecting the Counter-Reformation's ambition to create awe-inspiring spaces that would captivate and inspire devotion. As you approach, take a moment to admire the dynamic curves and rich sculptural decoration of the exterior, which hints at the opulence within.

Once inside, prepare to be enveloped by an astonishing display of Baroque artistry. The sheer scale and lavish decoration make it one of the most breathtaking Prague attractions. Your gaze will naturally be drawn upwards to the colossal dome, adorned with the awe-inspiring fresco depicting the Apotheosis of St. Nicholas, a masterpiece by Johann Kracker. The nave's ceiling is equally impressive, featuring frescoes by František Xaver Palko that illustrate scenes from the life of St. Nicholas and other saints. Everywhere you look, you'll find intricate stucco work, vibrant frescoes, and dramatic sculptures by Ignác František Platzer, all working in harmony to create a truly immersive spiritual and artistic experience. An interesting fact for music lovers is that the legendary composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart himself played the church's grand organ during his visits to Prague in the late 18th century, a testament to the instrument's exceptional quality and the church's prestige. The organ, with its more than 4,000 pipes, still resonates with powerful melodies during the frequent classical music concerts held here, offering a unique opportunity to experience the church's acoustics. For those seeking a different perspective, consider ascending the separate bell tower, which offers panoramic views over the red rooftops of Malá Strana and across the Vltava River to Old Town Square.

The Prague Astronomical Clock, known locally as Orloj, stands proudly on the southern wall of the Old Town Hall in Old Town Square, serving as a timeless centerpiece of Prague. Installed in 1410, it holds the distinction of being the third-oldest astronomical clock in the world and the oldest one still in operation, a testament to medieval engineering and artistry. This magnificent Gothic masterpiece is composed of three main components: the Astronomical Dial, representing the position of the Sun and Moon in the sky and displaying various astronomical details; the "Walk of the Apostles," a captivating hourly show of moving sculptures; and a Calendar Dial with medallions representing the months. Its intricate design and historical depth make it an absolute must-see when you explore the city.

Each hour, from 9 AM to 11 PM, crowds gather below the clock to witness the mesmerizing "Walk of the Apostles." As the clock strikes, figures representing Vanity, Greed, Death, and a Turk come to life, followed by the procession of the Twelve Apostles through two windows above the astronomical dial. Death, represented by a skeleton, rings a bell and inverts an hourglass, signaling the end of time for some, while the Apostles parade past. Below, the Calendar Dial, added in 1490, depicts the months of the year with scenes of rural life, originally painted by Josef Mánes in the 19th century. Observing this intricate dance of time and symbolism is one of the most iconic things to do in Prague, offering a unique glimpse into the city's rich heritage. Time your visit to catch the hourly show, but also take a moment to appreciate the detailed craftsmanship of the dials themselves.

The clock's history is as fascinating as its mechanics. It was first built by Mikuláš of Kadaň and later enhanced by Jan Šindel, a professor of mathematics and astronomy. A popular, though unconfirmed, legend tells of Master Hanuš, who supposedly built the clock in the 15th century and was then blinded by the city councilors to prevent him from replicating his work elsewhere. Despite this grim tale, the clock has endured centuries, surviving wars and natural disasters, including significant damage during the Prague Uprising in World War II, after which it was meticulously restored.

The National Museum in Prague stands majestically at the top of Wenceslas Square, a grand Neo-Renaissance edifice that has long served as a beacon of Czech culture and history. Founded in 1818 by Count Kaspar Maria Sternberg, this institution was initially conceived as a repository for natural science collections, but it quickly evolved into a vital symbol of the Czech National Revival, preserving and promoting the nation's heritage during periods of foreign rule. Designed by the renowned architect Josef Schulz, the main historical building, with its imposing facade and intricate interiors, is an architectural marvel in itself. After extensive renovations, completed in phases around 2018 and 2020, the museum now offers a state-of-the-art visitor experience while retaining its historical grandeur. When exploring things to do in Prague, a visit here provides an unparalleled journey through the natural and human history of the Czech lands.

Step inside to discover vast collections spanning mineralogy, paleontology, zoology, and anthropology, alongside comprehensive exhibits on Czech prehistory, medieval history, and the dramatic events of the 20th century. Don't miss the impressive Pantheon, a hall adorned with busts and statues of prominent Czech scientists, artists, and national figures, celebrating the intellectual and creative spirit of the nation. From the dome, you can often catch breathtaking panoramic views over Wenceslas Square and the bustling city below, offering a unique perspective on Prague's urban landscape. The historical building is also cleverly connected to the modern New Building via an underground corridor, expanding the exhibition space and allowing for diverse temporary displays. After immersing yourself in centuries of history and natural wonders, you'll find yourself perfectly positioned to explore the vibrant surroundings of Wenceslas Square, home to countless shops, cafes, and restaurants.

The Klementinum, a sprawling complex of Baroque buildings nestled in the heart of Prague, stands as a testament to centuries of intellectual and architectural grandeur. Originally a Jesuit college, it evolved from a Dominican monastery in the 13th century into one of the largest and most significant educational institutions in Europe. Its sheer scale and intricate design make it one of the best places to visit in Prague, offering a deep dive into the city's rich past. As you wander through its courtyards, you'll sense the echoes of scholars and scientists who once roamed these halls, contributing to the city's vibrant intellectual life. The Klementinum is not just a collection of buildings; it's a living museum of knowledge and art.

Your visit will undoubtedly be highlighted by the breathtaking Baroque Library Hall, often cited as one of the most beautiful libraries in the world. Adorned with stunning frescoes by Jan Hiebl depicting allegories of science and art, and housing an impressive collection of historical globes, this hall transports you back to a golden age of learning. Imagine the countless volumes, many still in their original bindings, that have been preserved here for centuries. Ascend to the Astronomical Tower, where you can marvel at historical instruments and enjoy panoramic views of Prague's iconic skyline, including Prague Castle and Charles Bridge. This tower was once a crucial center for astronomical and meteorological observations, with records dating back to the 18th century, making it a significant site for scientific history. The adjacent Meridian Hall, with its unique string stretched across the room, was used to determine noon with remarkable precision, showcasing the ingenuity of its former residents.

Beyond its historical and scientific marvels, the Klementinum now serves as the home of the National Library of the Czech Republic, continuing its legacy as a beacon of knowledge. After immersing yourself in the Klementinum's wonders, consider a short stroll towards Old Town Square where you can find numerous charming cafes and bakeries, or perhaps visit the renowned Café Louvre on Národní třída for a taste of Prague's elegant coffeehouse culture.

The Jewish Quarter, known as Josefov, invites you to step into a profound chapter of Prague's history, offering a poignant journey through centuries of Jewish life and resilience. Nestled within the heart of the city, this historic district was once a walled ghetto, a place of forced segregation for Prague's Jewish community. Its survival, despite the tumultuous events of history, makes it one of the best-preserved Jewish ghettos in Europe, providing an unparalleled glimpse into a rich cultural heritage. As you explore, you'll discover a unique collection of synagogues, the ancient cemetery, and the Jewish Museum in Prague, all telling a compelling story of perseverance and faith. This area is truly one of the most significant historical things to do in Prague, offering a deep dive into a past that shaped the city.

Wander through the narrow, atmospheric streets and encounter the Old Jewish Cemetery, a truly unique site where layers of graves, some dating back to the 15th century, rise above the ground due to limited space. It's a powerful visual testament to the community's enduring presence. Nearby, the Old-New Synagogue, Europe's oldest active synagogue, stands as a Gothic masterpiece, steeped in the legend of the Golem of Prague, said to have been created by Rabbi Loew to protect the Jewish community. The Pinkas Synagogue serves as a moving memorial to the nearly 80,000 Bohemian and Moravian Jewish victims of the Holocaust, with their names inscribed on its walls. Other significant sites include the Klausen Synagogue, the largest in the former ghetto, and the Maisel Synagogue, which chronicles the history of Prague's Jews. The entire complex, managed by the Jewish Museum in Prague, offers comprehensive exhibitions that illuminate Jewish traditions, history, and art. Interestingly, the Nazis preserved the ghetto during World War II, intending to create a "museum of an extinct race," a chilling reminder of their horrific plans, which ironically led to the preservation of these invaluable sites.

Beyond its historical depth, the Jewish Quarter is bordered by Pařížská Street, Prague's most exclusive shopping boulevard, where you can find high-end fashion boutiques and elegant cafes. After immersing yourself in the quarter's solemn beauty, consider a stroll down Pařížská Street for a different kind of Prague experience, perhaps enjoying a coffee at one of its chic establishments.

The Old Town Hall, a cornerstone of Prague's historic Old Town Square, invites you to step back in time and uncover centuries of Bohemian history. Founded in 1338 as the administrative heart of the Old Town, this complex of medieval houses gradually expanded, showcasing a fascinating blend of architectural styles, from its original Gothic foundations to later Renaissance and Baroque additions. Its most iconic feature, the Prague Astronomical Clock (Orloj), draws crowds hourly. This intricate masterpiece, first installed in 1410 by clockmaker Mikuláš of Kadaň and later perfected by Jan Šindel, a professor of mathematics and astronomy, is not just a time-telling device but a complex display of astronomical and calendrical information. Legend has it that the master Hanuš was blinded after completing the clock to prevent him from replicating his work elsewhere, though this is a romanticized myth. Witnessing the hourly procession of the Twelve Apostles and the animated figures like Death, the Turk, the Miser, and Vanity is a truly unique experience that defines what to see in Prague's vibrant center.

Beyond the clock, the Old Town Hall Tower offers unparalleled panoramic views of Old Town Square, Týn Church, St. Nicholas Church, and even distant Prague Castle. Ascend the tower for breathtaking photo opportunities and a bird's-eye perspective of the city's red rooftops. Inside, explore the historical halls, including the assembly hall, the council chamber, and the Old Town Hall Chapel, which houses a beautiful oriel window. You can also venture into the medieval underground passages, revealing the original street level of Prague from centuries ago. The Old Town Hall has witnessed pivotal moments in Czech history, from royal coronations to the proclamation of the Czechoslovak Republic in 1918. Despite suffering significant damage during the Prague Uprising in World War II, particularly to its eastern wing, the tower and the clock were meticulously restored, preserving its grandeur.

After immersing yourself in the history of the Old Town Hall, consider a short stroll to Lokál Dlouhááá, a beloved traditional Czech pub and restaurant just a few blocks away.

The Church of Our Lady before Týn, with its dramatic twin spires piercing the Prague skyline, stands as an unmistakable icon of the Old Town Square. This magnificent Gothic masterpiece, often simply called the Týn Church, has dominated the square for centuries, inviting you to delve into Prague's rich historical tapestry. Its imposing facade, often partially obscured by the surrounding buildings, adds to its mystique, making its discovery a rewarding part of your exploration of things to do in Prague.

Dating back to the mid-14th century, the Týn Church replaced an earlier Romanesque church on the site, growing in prominence during the reign of Charles IV, a period often considered the Golden Age of Bohemia. For a significant time, it served as the main Hussite church in Prague, a testament to the city's complex religious history before the Battle of White Mountain. As you step inside, you'll discover a wealth of artistic and historical treasures, despite the interior being less ornate than its exterior suggests. Look for the tomb of the renowned Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe, who served as the imperial mathematician to Emperor Rudolf II and made groundbreaking observations of the cosmos. The church also houses the oldest pipe organ in Prague, dating from 1673, and numerous Baroque altarpieces that were added during later renovations, showcasing the evolution of artistic styles within its ancient walls. The two towers, often referred to as Adam and Eve, are not perfectly identical, a subtle detail that adds to the church's unique character.

Visiting the Church of Our Lady before Týn offers a profound connection to Prague's past, from its medieval origins to its role in the Hussite movement and subsequent Baroque transformations. After admiring its grandeur, consider exploring the vibrant Old Town Square further, perhaps enjoying a coffee or meal at Terasa U Prince, a rooftop restaurant directly opposite the church, offering unparalleled panoramic views of the Týn Church and the entire square. This vantage point provides a spectacular perspective on the church's intricate details and its commanding presence, making it a perfect complement to your visit.

The Jewish Museum in Prague is not a single building, but rather a collection of historic synagogues, the Old Jewish Cemetery, and the Jewish Ceremonial Hall, all located within the atmospheric Jewish Quarter (Josefov). This unique institution preserves and presents the history, traditions, and customs of the Jewish community in Bohemia and Moravia. As you step into this district, you're entering one of the best-preserved Jewish ghettos in Europe, a place where centuries of history unfold before your eyes. The museum's origins trace back to 1906, established to preserve valuable artifacts from Prague's synagogues that were being demolished during the urban renewal of the Jewish Quarter.

During World War II, the Nazis ironically preserved the Jewish artifacts and synagogues, intending to create a "Museum of an Extinct Race." This grim purpose inadvertently saved countless precious items, which today form the core of the museum's vast collections. Exploring the Jewish Museum in Prague is truly one of the most profound things to do in Prague, offering a unique window into the resilience and tragedy of a community. You'll visit the Pinkas Synagogue, its walls inscribed with the names of nearly 80,000 Bohemian and Moravian Jewish victims of the Holocaust, serving as a poignant memorial. Adjacent to it, the Old Jewish Cemetery is a truly remarkable sight, with layers upon layers of gravestones, some dating back to the 15th century, testament to the limited space available for burials over centuries. The Klausen Synagogue, the largest in the ghetto, showcases Jewish traditions and holidays, while the stunning Spanish Synagogue captivates with its Moorish-revival interior, often hosting concerts. The Maisel Synagogue presents the history of Jews in Bohemia from the 10th to the 18th centuries.

A visit here offers more than just historical facts; it's an immersive experience that connects you with the human stories behind the artifacts. You'll gain a deep appreciation for the rich cultural contributions and the enduring spirit of the Jewish people. After your contemplative journey through the museum's sites, consider a moment of reflection at Café Franz Kafka, a charming spot nearby that evokes the literary spirit of the quarter.

The Strahov Monastery Library, nestled within the historic Strahov Monastery complex high above Prague, invites you to step into one of the world's most breathtaking repositories of knowledge. This isn't just a library; it's a testament to centuries of intellectual pursuit and artistic grandeur, making it a truly unmissable stop among Prague attractions. Founded in 1143 by King Vladislaus II and the Premonstratensian Order, the monastery has long been a center of learning. While the monastery itself boasts a long history, the library's most iconic halls, the Theological Hall and the Philosophical Hall, were constructed much later, showcasing distinct architectural and artistic styles that will captivate you.

As you enter, you'll first encounter the Theological Hall, completed in 1679 by Giovanni Battista Orsi. Its Baroque splendor is immediately apparent, with towering bookshelves filled with ancient theological texts. Gaze upwards to admire the magnificent ceiling frescoes by Siard Nosecký, depicting themes of 'Divine Wisdom' and the virtues. This hall, originally designed to house theological works, exudes an atmosphere of profound contemplation. Continuing your journey, you'll discover the grander Philosophical Hall, built in 1783 by Ignác Palliardi. This hall, with its soaring ceilings and elegant wooden galleries, is adorned with awe-inspiring frescoes by Franz Anton Maulbertsch, illustrating 'The Spiritual Development of Mankind' from ancient times to the Enlightenment. The sheer scale and detail of these artworks are truly remarkable, offering a visual narrative of human intellectual progress. The library houses over 200,000 volumes, including rare manuscripts, incunabula, and a fascinating collection of globes, some dating back to the 17th century. It's a place where you can truly feel the weight of history and the enduring power of knowledge.

Beyond the stunning halls, the Strahov Monastery Library also features a unique Cabinet of Curiosities (Wunderkammer), showcasing natural and scientific collections that reflect the intellectual curiosity of past centuries. This hidden gem offers a glimpse into the early days of scientific exploration. After immersing yourself in the library's wonders, consider a visit to the nearby Strahov Monastic Brewery (Klášterní pivovar Strahov), located right within the monastery grounds. Here, you can savor traditional Czech beer brewed on-site, a perfect way to reflect on your visit to one of Prague's most significant cultural treasures.

The Municipal House (Obecní dům) stands as a magnificent testament to Prague's rich history and artistic prowess, an essential stop when considering what to see in Prague. Located on the site of the former Royal Court Palace, which served as the residence for Bohemian kings from 1383 to 1485, this architectural jewel was constructed between 1905 and 1912. It represents one of the finest examples of Art Nouveau architecture in the city, designed by prominent architects Osvald Polívka and Antonín Balšánek. As you approach, you'll immediately notice its ornate facade, adorned with allegorical sculptures and a grand mosaic above the main entrance, "Homage to Prague," by Karel Špillar. Stepping inside, you are enveloped by a world of intricate details, from stained glass windows and murals to sculptures, all crafted by leading Czech artists of the era, including the renowned Alfons Mucha, Max Švabinský, and Jan Preisler. The building's interior is a harmonious blend of art and function, inviting you to explore its various halls and spaces.

Beyond its stunning aesthetics, the Municipal House holds immense historical significance. It was here, on October 28, 1918, that the independent state of Czechoslovakia was famously proclaimed, marking a pivotal moment in the nation's history. Today, it continues to be a vibrant cultural hub, hosting a diverse array of concerts, exhibitions, balls, and conferences. The grand Smetana Hall, home to the Prague Symphony Orchestra, is a particular highlight, offering an exceptional venue for classical music performances. You can also savor the atmosphere in one of its elegant establishments, such as the traditional Plzeňská restaurace for authentic Czech cuisine, the charming Kavárna Obecní dům for a coffee break, or the exquisite Francouzská restaurace Art Nouveau for a more upscale dining experience. Its proximity to the historic Powder Tower makes it an easy addition to any walking tour of the city center, and the bustling Náměstí Republiky area offers plenty of shopping and dining options, including the modern Palladium shopping center just across the square.

The Prague Castle complex, a majestic symbol of the Czech Republic, stands proudly atop Hradčany Hill, offering breathtaking panoramic views of Prague. As the largest ancient castle complex in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records, it has served as the seat of Bohemian kings, Holy Roman Emperors, and presidents of Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic for over a millennium. Its vast grounds encompass palaces, churches, gardens, and defense towers, making it a truly unparalleled historical and architectural marvel. When you explore Prague Castle, you are stepping into centuries of European history, witnessing the layers of architectural styles from Romanesque to Gothic and Baroque.

Within the castle walls, you will discover a wealth of attractions that define what to see in Prague. The awe-inspiring St. Vitus Cathedral, a masterpiece of Gothic architecture, dominates the skyline with its intricate flying buttresses and stunning stained-glass windows, including one by Alfons Mucha. Inside, marvel at the St. Wenceslas Chapel, adorned with precious stones and frescoes, and the Royal Mausoleum, resting place of Bohemian kings like Charles IV. Stroll through the Old Royal Palace, where the grand Vladislav Hall once hosted jousting tournaments and coronations, and where the infamous Defenestration of Prague in 1618 sparked the Thirty Years' War. Don't miss the serene St. George's Basilica, one of the oldest surviving buildings within the complex, showcasing beautiful Romanesque architecture. Wander down Golden Lane, a charming street of tiny, colorful houses that once housed castle guards and alchemists; house number 22 was even home to writer Franz Kafka for a short period.

Beyond the main buildings, explore the tranquil Royal Garden with its elegant Queen Anne's Summer Palace and the unique Ball Game Hall. The castle complex is not just a historical site but a living part of the city, with the changing of the guard ceremony a popular daily event. For a delightful culinary experience after your exploration, consider visiting Terasa U Zlaté studně (Terrace at the Golden Well), a renowned restaurant located just below the castle walls, offering exquisite dining with spectacular views over the city.

The Petřín Lookout Tower, perched atop Petřín Hill, stands as a captivating landmark offering unparalleled panoramic views of Prague. Conceived as a smaller replica of the Eiffel Tower in Paris, this 63.5-meter-tall steel structure was a key attraction for the Jubilee Exhibition of 1891. Its construction was remarkably swift, completed in less than two years, a testament to the engineering prowess of František Prášil and the architectural vision of Karel Mašek and František Prášil. While significantly shorter than its Parisian inspiration, its elevated position on Petřín Hill (which itself rises 318 meters above sea level) means its observation deck reaches a similar effective height above the Vltava River as the first platform of the Eiffel Tower. To reach this iconic structure, you can enjoy a leisurely ride on the Petřín Funicular, a charming journey that ascends the hillside, providing scenic glimpses of the city below as you climb. Alternatively, a pleasant walk through the park offers a more active approach, allowing you to appreciate the natural beauty of the hill before reaching the tower's base.

Once you arrive, prepare for an invigorating climb up 299 steps to the main observation deck, or opt for the elevator for a more relaxed ascent. The reward is truly breathtaking, making it one of the absolute best places to visit in Prague for a bird's-eye perspective. From the top, you'll command sweeping views that encompass the majestic Prague Castle and St. Vitus Cathedral, the historic Charles Bridge gracefully spanning the Vltava River, the bustling Old Town Square, and the charming red rooftops of the city stretching out to the horizon. On a clear day, your gaze can even extend to the distant Bohemian Central Highlands. Beyond the tower itself, Petřín Hill is a destination in its own right, home to the whimsical Mirror Maze, a delightful diversion perfect for families, and the serene Rose Garden, a fragrant oasis, especially beautiful in bloom. You can also explore the Štefánik Observatory, where you can gaze at the stars and learn about astronomy.

After descending from your aerial adventure, consider a stop at Nebozízek Restaurant, conveniently located on Petřín Hill and accessible via the funicular. This charming establishment offers not only delicious Czech cuisine but also spectacular views of the city, providing a perfect spot to savor a meal or a refreshing drink while reflecting on the stunning vistas you've just experienced from the tower.

The Lennon Wall, nestled in the charming Malá Strana district of Prague, is far more than just a painted surface; it's a vibrant, ever-evolving canvas of peace, love, and freedom. This iconic landmark began its transformation shortly after the assassination of John Lennon in 1980, when an unknown artist painted his image along with lyrics from Beatles songs and messages of peace. Under the communist regime of Czechoslovakia, public expression was heavily suppressed, and any Western influences, especially those promoting ideals of freedom, were viewed with suspicion. Despite repeated attempts by the secret police to whitewash the wall, new messages and images would reappear overnight, making it a powerful symbol of silent resistance for young Czechs. It became a clandestine bulletin board where grievances against the state could be aired, and a beacon of hope for a more open society.

As you explore the Lennon Wall, you'll quickly understand why it's considered one of the best places to visit in Prague for those seeking a unique cultural experience. The wall, owned by the Knights of Malta, who have their Grand Priory right next to it, surprisingly tolerated the graffiti, allowing it to flourish as a testament to the enduring human spirit. After the Velvet Revolution in 1989, which brought an end to communist rule, the wall continued its legacy, transitioning from a symbol of protest to a celebration of global unity and artistic expression. Today, it’s a dynamic, living monument where visitors from all corners of the world contribute their own messages, drawings, and lyrics, ensuring its constant transformation. Bring a marker or some paint and leave your own mark, becoming a part of its ongoing story.

Stroll along the Čertovka canal nearby, often called Prague's "Little Venice," and soak in the romantic atmosphere before or after your visit. The area around the Lennon Wall is perfect for a leisurely wander, offering picturesque views and quaint streets. For a delightful culinary break, consider stopping by Café de Paris, a well-regarded French-style bistro just a short walk away, where you can savor classic dishes in an elegant setting. The wall itself is often accompanied by the sounds of street musicians, adding to its bohemian charm and making your visit even more memorable.